A map of North America. A red line encloses the buffalo’s original range, from the Rockies to the Appalachians and from northern Canada into Mexico, marked with the years it disappeared from each part. Inside it, two blue outlines mark the northern and southern herds of 1870; smaller green outlines and figures mark what remained in 1880 and 1889.
Hornaday’s map of the extermination, 1889 (detail). Red: the buffalo’s original range, with the year it disappeared from each part. Blue: the two great herds in 1870. Green: the herds in 1880, and in green figures the wild buffalo still alive on 1 January 1889. Drawn from William Hornaday’s Map illustrating the extermination of the American bison, 1889, laid on a modern map. The range, the herds of 1870, 1875, 1880 and 1884 and the count of 1889 are traced from his map, and the red dates are his: the year he gives for the end of the buffalo in each place. Between his dated places the shading is ours: each part of the range takes the date of the nearest place he dated and fades out in that year. He gives no dates for the far north or for Mexico, so the shading there is only a guess. Hornaday 1889; public domain. His full map is at the Internet Archive.

From The buffalo and the ration at wovoka.org, a sourced history of the Paiute prophet Wovoka and the American West in his lifetime.